http://hdl.handle.net/10884/1229 2026-04-27T17:03:26Z http://hdl.handle.net/10884/1297 Title: The IT audits in the Spanish business sector: longitudinal analysis (2001-2011) in MIST, Economic and Policy Perspectives Authors: Dias, Albertina; García Ordaz, Mercedes; Infante Moro, Alfonso; Infante Moro, Juan Carlos; Martínez López, Francisco José Abstract: In a society where Information Systems and Information are considered to be important assets for most companies, the performance of IT audits to measure their efficiency and prevent IT support breakdowns is required. To this aim, this study analyzes the evolution of the IT audit practice in Spanish companies, reporting the performance percentages and the amount of professionals that execute it, and how it correlates with the importance that these companies give to the Internet and the use of e‐commerce. Our longitudinal study, encompassing the period of 2001-2011, has shown substantial increase in the awareness of Spanish companies towards the performance of these audits, with the percentage of companies that performed them in this decade having almost doubled. We have also found that the performance of IT audits usually involves various types of professionals of the same company and finally we were able to analyze the association between the adoption of the Internet and the use of e-commerce in surveyed companies, and the performance of these audits. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10884/1295 Title: Living Labs and Open Innovation in European in MIST, Economic and Policy Perspectives. Authors: Dias, Albertina; Salmelin, Bror Abstract: The chapter elaborates the background thinking and path for Open Innovation 2.0 conceptual innovation model. It is based on virtual enterprises, Holonic enterprises and fractal enterprises theory, combined with MIT Living Lab concept developed by Bill Mitchell (Mitchell, 2003). Combining this with the internet/connectivity revolution the need to have faster pace and more suc-cessful innovation rate led to the thinking of the quadruple helix, including the citizens as active agents in the innovation process, not only as verificators as they were used to be in the previous triple helix thinking. Based on the work of New Club of Paris (Lin and Edvinsson, 2011) the struc-tural intellectual capital (IC) is a key for national prosperity. Open innovation integrating the crowd into the innovation process seamlessly seems to increase the structural IC. Hence, integrating all these components: quadruple helix, non-linear innovation, fractal and dynamic organizations into innovation processes in real world with real market creation with the users who become co-creators seem to be the key for future success. The new open innovation 2.0 paradigm seems to be serving the innovation needs very well in time – if we dare to take it on board. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z